Andrew Warfield | Linkedin profile

• 
  AmazonAmazon

  5 yrs5 yrs

  • • VP / Distinguished EngineerVP / Distinguished Engineer

      Sep 2022 - Present · 1 moSep 2022 - Present · 1 moVancouver, British Columbia, CanadaVancouver, British Columbia, Canada

      • • I get to work on all sorts of really fun stuff at Amazon. A lot of my core focus is around storage services, ranging from the low-level hardware and software that we use to build them all the way up to the application workloads that use them.I get to work on all sorts of really fun stuff at Amazon. A lot of my core focus is around storage services, ranging from the low-level hardware and software that we use to build them all the way up to the application workloads that use them.
    • Senior Principal EngineerSenior Principal Engineer

      Oct 2017 - Sep 2022 · 5 yrsOct 2017 - Sep 2022 · 5 yrsVancouver, Canada Area
• Associate ProfessorAssociate Professor

  Department of Computer Science, University of British ColumbiaDepartment of Computer Science, University of British ColumbiaJan 2011 - Oct 2017 · 6 yrs 10 mosJan 2011 - Oct 2017 · 6 yrs 10 mosVancouver, Canada AreaVancouver, Canada Area
  • • I was a systems researcher and Sloan Research Fellow at the University of British Columbia. I continue to hold an Adjunct role in the department and occasionally co-supervise graduate students.
      
      From a research perspective, I am broadly interested in computer systems problems. I like interesting, often gory technical work to do with security and privacy, high availability, storage, networking, and virtualization.
• Co-Founder, CTOCo-Founder, CTO

  Coho DataCoho DataNov 2011 - Aug 2017 · 5 yrs 10 mosNov 2011 - Aug 2017 · 5 yrs 10 mosVancouver, Canada AreaVancouver, Canada Area
• 

  Technical AdvisorTechnical Advisor

  TeradiciTeradici2006 - 2012 · 6 yrs

Technical Director - Storage and Emerging TechnologiesTechnical Director - Storage and Emerging Technologies

CitrixCitrix2007 - Jan 2011 · 4 yrs 1 mo2007 - Jan 2011 · 4 yrs 1 moVancouver, Canada AreaVancouver, Canada Area

• • I joined Citrix through the XenSource acquisition. During my time with Citrix, I initially continued to develop and build a storage virtualization team within the virtualization management division. In part, this involved establishing a new Citrix Office in Vancouver, which I eventually grew to more than ten full-time employees, before leaving to take a full-time academic position at UBC.
    
    During my last 2-3 years at Citrix, I transitioned the management of the storage development team back to the organization in Cambridge, where the rest of the XenServer product was being run. The focus of the Vancouver office switched to the XenClient client hypervisor product. I was responsible for the team that designed and built both the device-local storage, and scalable backend VM management service for XenClient. This involved deeply technical, and terrifyingly practical challenges ranging from issues in the Windows storage stack, to device specific storage performance issues, to managing backups and upgrades over thousands of often disconnected client devices.

 Technical Director - Storage Virtualization

Technical Director - Storage Virtualization

XenSourceXenSource2004 - 2007 · 3 yrs2004 - 2007 · 3 yrsVancouver, Canada AreaVancouver, Canada Area

• • I joined XenSource initially to productize my doctoral research on storage virtualization with Xen. My main responsibilities were to develop hypervisor support for virtualizing local storage, and providing high-performance interactions with enterprise NFS, iSCSI, and FC targets.
    
    I assembled and managed a development team of about ten full-time engineers prior to XenSource's acquisition by Citrix. During this time I was also involved in developing and closing a number of storage OEM partnerships with major storage vendors. These relationships involved both tight integration with XenSource's hypervisor product -- to the point of allowing tight salesforce partnerships in the field -- and upstream API changes to broadly deployed enterprise storage hardware.

Xen

 Xen (pronounced /ˈzɛn/) is a type-1 hypervisor, providing services that allow multiple computer operating systems to execute on the same computer hardware concurrently. It was originally developed by the University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory and is now being developed by the Linux Foundation with support from Intel, Citrix, Arm Ltd, Huawei, AWS, Alibaba Cloud, AMD, Bitdefender and epam.

The Xen Project community develops and maintains Xen Project as free and open-source software, subject to the requirements of the GNU General Public License (GPL), version 2. Xen Project is currently available for the IA-32, x86-64 and ARM instruction sets.^[4]

Software architecture[edit]

Xen Project runs in a more privileged CPU state than any other software on the machine, except for Firmware.

Responsibilities of the hypervisor include memory management and CPU scheduling of all virtual machines ("domains"), and for launching the most privileged domain ("dom0") - the only virtual machine which by default has direct access to hardware. From the dom0 the hypervisor can be managed and unprivileged domains ("domU") can be launched.^[5]

The dom0 domain is typically a version of Linux or BSD. User domains may either be traditional operating systems, such as Microsoft Windows under which privileged instructions are provided by hardware virtualization instructions (if the host processor supports x86 virtualization, e.g., Intel VT-x and AMD-V),^[6] or paravirtualized operating systems whereby the operating system is aware that it is running inside a virtual machine, and so makes hypercalls directly, rather than issuing privileged instructions.

Xen Project boots from a bootloader such as GNU GRUB, and then usually loads a paravirtualized host operating system into the host domain (dom0).

History[edit]

Xen originated as a research project at the University of Cambridge led by Ian Pratt, a senior lecturer in the Computer Laboratory, and his PhD student Keir Fraser. The first public release of Xen was made in 2003, with v1.0 following in 2004. Soon after, Pratt and Fraser along with other Cambridge alumni including Simon Crosby and founding CEO Nick Gault created XenSource Inc. to turn Xen into a competitive enterprise product.

To support embedded systems such as smartphone/ IoT with relatively scarce hardware computing resources, the Secure Xen ARM architecture on an ARM CPU was exhibited at Xen Summit on April 17, 2007, held in IBM TJ Watson.^[7][8] The first public release of Secure Xen ARM source code was made at Xen Summit on June 24, 2008^[9][10] by Sang-bum Suh,^[11] a Cambridge alumnus, in Samsung Electronics.

On October 22, 2007, Citrix Systems completed its acquisition of XenSource,^[12] and the Xen Project moved to the xen.org domain. This move had started some time previously, and made public the existence of the Xen Project Advisory Board (Xen AB), which had members from Citrix, IBM, Intel, Hewlett-Packard, Novell, Red Hat, Sun Microsystems and Oracle. The Xen Advisory Board advises the Xen Project leader and is responsible for the Xen trademark,^[13] which Citrix has freely licensed to all vendors and projects that implement the Xen hypervisor.^[14] Citrix also used the Xen brand itself for some proprietary products unrelated to Xen, including XenApp and XenDesktop.

On April 15, 2013, it was announced that the Xen Project was moved under the auspices of the Linux Foundation as a Collaborative Project.^[15] The Linux Foundation launched a new trademark for "Xen Project" to differentiate the project from any commercial use of the older "Xen" trademark. A new community website was launched at xenproject.org^[16] as part of the transfer. Project members at the time of the announcement included: Amazon, AMD, Bromium, CA Technologies, Calxeda, Cisco, Citrix, Google, Intel, Oracle, Samsung, and Verizon.^[17] The Xen project itself is self-governing.^[18]

Since version 3.0 of the Linux kernel, Xen support for dom0 and domU exists in the mainline kernel.^[19]

United states Fed funds rate

 

Reducing inflation is likely to require a sustained period of below-trend growth but failure to restore price stability would mean far greater pain, Fed Chair Powell said during his speech at the Jackson Hole symposium. Fed Chair also said that another unusually large increase could be appropriate at next meeting, but the decision for September will depend on the totality of the incoming data and the evolving outlook. He also added that at some point, as the stance of monetary policy tightens further, it likely will become appropriate to slow the pace of increases. The Federal Reserve raised the target range for the fed funds rate by 75bps to 2.25%-2.5% during its July 2022 meeting, the fourth consecutive rate hike, and pushing borrowing costs to the highest level since 2019. source: Federal Reserve

source: tradingeconomics.com

Linkedin profile: Gloria (Xiaolu) Zhang

Gloria (Xiaolu) Zhang

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Senior Data Scientist at Microsoft

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a steep sell-off Friday

Yahoo Finance

Stock market live updates: Stocks tank after Powell's hawkish Jackson Hole message

Alexandra Semenova

·Reporter

Fri, August 26, 2022 at 1:02 p.m.·3 min read

 U.S. stocks plunged in a steep sell-off Friday after Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell reiterated the central bank's commitment to fight inflation in a hawkish speech at the Jackson Hole economic symposium.

The Nasdaq led losses, diving 3.9%, and the S&P 500 shed 3.3%, with both indexes logging their biggest one-day drops since June 13. The Dow Jones Industrial Average erased 1,000 points, or 3%. All three major averages settled at four-week lows.

"Restoring price stability will likely require maintaining a restrictive policy stance for some time," Powell said in his remarks at the gathering in Wyoming. "The historical record cautions strongly against prematurely loosening policy.”

In a note to clients following Friday's speech, Ian Shepherdson at Pantheon Macro wrote, "In one line: Nothing for doves."

"Chair Powell’s speech forcefully reiterated the Fed’s intention to tighten policy enough to bring inflation down to target and then keep it here," Shepherdson wrote.

Investors had been bracing for hawkish messaging from the U.S. central bank chief on the Fed's ambitions to tighten monetary conditions and restore price stability as inflation holds near a four-decade high.

Federal Reserve officials have asserted that imminent policy decisions will be guided by economic data on a meeting-by-meeting basis – and so far, many readings on economic activity have affirmed the central bank is likely to proceed with further tightening of monetary conditions.

On Friday, data from the Bureau of Economic Analysis showed consumer prices fell slightly last month. Headline PCE dropped 0.1% between June and July with a 4.8% decline in energy prices driving the index lower. On a year-over-year basis, headline PCE rose 6.3% in July.

Core PCE, the Fed's preferred measure of inflation, rose 0.1% month-on-month in July and 4.6% from the prior year, marking the lowest annual increase since October 2021. Economists had expected core PCE would rise 4.7% against the same month last year.

On Wednesday, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City President Esther George told Yahoo Finance in a sit-down interview that policymakers have “more work to do” on interest rate hikes, and the sharpest impacts from its recent moves have not yet been felt.

“We are trying to get back to 2% inflation as quickly as we can, without doing damage to the economy,” George said in Jackson Hole.

"So July looked like there was some easing in those price pressures, but certainly not enough that you would say, we're in the right direction," she added. "So I think we have more data to see. And I think we have more work to do, to begin to see that trend move down."

Inflation | Rates will rise

Fed Chair Powell: Rates will rise until 'job is done' bringing down inflation

Brian Cheung

·Anchor/Reporter

Fri, August 26, 2022 at 7:00 AM·3 min read 

Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell on Friday said the central bank’s job on lowering inflation is not done, suggesting that the Fed will continue to aggressively raise interest rates to cool the economy.

“We will keep at it until we are confident the job is done,” Powell said in remarks delivered at the Fed’s annual conference in Jackson Hole, Wyoming.

“While the lower inflation readings for July are welcome, a single month’s improvement falls far short of what the Committee will need to see before we are confident that inflation is moving down,” Powell said Friday.

Inflation data on Friday morning showed prices in America rose by 6.3% on a year-over-year basis in July, a notch down from the 6.8% pace measured in June. When stripping out food and energy, the Personal Consumption Expenditures Index showed prices rising by 4.6% compared to a year ago — still well above the Fed’s target of 2%.

The central bank has delivered four consecutive interest rate hikes over the last six months, moving in June and July to raise rates by 0.75%, the Fed's largest moves since 1994. By raising borrowing costs, the Fed hopes to dampen demand by making home buying, business loans, and other types of credit more expensive.

Short-term interest rates are now in a target range between 2.25% and 2.5%, which some Fed policymakers consider to be the so-called "neutral rate," or the level rates that is neither stimulative nor restrictive to economic activity.

Powell said more rate hikes will be needed, with “another unusually large” increase still on the table for the Fed’s next meeting in September. The Fed chair reiterated that “at some point,” the Fed will move to slow the pace of its price increases.

“In current circumstances, with inflation running far above 2 percent and the labor market extremely tight, estimates of longer-run neutral are not a place to stop or pause,” Powell said Friday.

The Fed chair said central banks need to move quickly, warning historical episodes of inflation have shown that delayed reactions from central banks tend to come with steeper job losses.

“Our aim is to avoid that outcome by acting with resolve now,” Powell said.

With unemployment at a historically low 3.5% in July, Powell said the labor market remains strong but suggested that the Fed’s campaign to hike rates could restrict economic activity and lead to a “softer” labor market.

Combined with the crunch of expensive credit, Powell warned households and businesses may feel some pain as interest rates increases continue.

“These are the unfortunate costs of reducing inflation,” Powell said. “But a failure to restore price stability would mean far greater pain.”

The Fed chair’s speech is a focal point of the annual Jackson Hole conference, and tends to be a longer speech with bigger picture takeaways. But concerns about financial market interpretations of recent Fed moves were likely a factor in Powell’s decision to deliver a shorter and “more direct” speech this year.

The Fed’s next policy-setting meeting is scheduled September 20 and 21.

Brian Cheung is a reporter covering the Fed, economics, and banking for Yahoo Finance. You can follow him on Twitter @bcheungz.