Wednesday, July 9, 2025

在家也能 “稳定收租”:期权卖方零基础入门指南

Here is the link. 

一般情况下,做期权的卖方往往比做期权的买方赚钱的时间多一些、概率大一些,特别是在波动不大的时候,期权卖方会有更高胜率,也因此有更大的赚钱效应。

但是天下没有免费的午餐,这种太平无事时期所赚来的钱,其实和极端情况下可能亏的钱是一种平衡:
期权卖方在很长一段时间内都能赚到相当可观的权利金,但是当风险事件来临时,有可能一下子回吐盈利甚至出现亏损,而这种亏损比例往往比现货投资更为厉害。
为什么期权卖方在平时看来赚钱概率挺高呢?
有三个方面的因素:
一是时间价值的流逝。时间天然是卖方的朋友,当期权的内在价值没有太大变化的时候,时间的流逝会导致期权时间价值加速衰减,最后到期时,虚值期权的卖方稳稳当当将权利金收入囊中。
另外,从期权定价的角度理解,Theta值在大多数情况下都是负数,所以期权价格是随着到期日临近而降低的,卖方更乐意看到这样的情况。
二是波动率的回归。波动率在市场大跌时可能大幅上升,但随着时间的推移,隐含波动率会回到理性的状态(如股灾,波动率高达60%,2025年3月,波动率从20%飙升到40%,随后波动率回潮)​;
尤其是在市场大涨或大跌之后,通常会经历一轮漫长的不温不火的行情,波动率进入缓慢下降的长期通道,这样的环境非常有利于卖方。此外,从时间轴上来看历史经验,波动率缓慢下降的时间段往往也比陡然上升来得多。
三是从概率的角度,卖方胜率更高。以一个平值期权为例,假设股价服从正态分布,那么卖方赚取全部或部分权利金的概率也比买方翻倍的概率要高,因为卖方至少有一半可能是不被行权而纯收权利金的。
此外,还有一定概率虽被行权,但收取的权利金能够部分覆盖被行权的成本。
所以,如果把是否赚钱比作一个抛硬币游戏,每隔一段固定时间抛一下,那么期权卖方抛到“赚”的概率确实要比期权买方大。
一、期权卖方到底在做什么?—— 用 “卖保险” 思维赚稳定收益
很多人以为炒期权就是赌涨跌,但卖方的逻辑完全不同:买方是花钱赌行情,卖方是 “收保费” 的保险商。
你卖的不是期权本身,而是市场的恐惧情绪、时间的流逝价值、波动率的溢价。
赚钱逻辑很简单:只要市场没出现极端行情,你就能稳稳收下买方支付的 “权利金”,就像房东收租金一样。
卖方的核心优势:时间是你的朋友
期权价格包含 “时间价值”,每天都会自动贬值.
举个例子:
买方买了一份 1 个月后到期的期权,相当于付了 30 天的 “租金”;
作为卖方,你每天醒来,账户里的钱会随着时间流逝自然增加一点,离到期越近,“租金” 衰减得越快(专业术语叫 “Theta 衰减”)。
最理想的市场环境:标的价格不动 + 时间快速流逝 + 市场恐慌情绪降温,这时你赚得最轻松!
二、新手必学的两大 “收租” 策略
① 卖看跌期权(Short Put):给市场卖 “下跌保险”
交易逻辑:你承诺 “如果标的跌穿某个价格,你就按约定价格买入”,市场越怕跌,你收的 “保费” 越高。
盈亏公式:最大收益 = 卖出时收到的权利金
最大风险 = 约定价格 - 权利金(比如约定 95 元买入,收了 2 元权利金,最多亏 93 元)

例子:
你想买某只现价 100 元的股票,但觉得 95 元更划算。这时你可以:
卖出行权价 95 元的看跌期权,收 2 元权利金。
到期时:
股价≥95 元:买方不会找你买,你白赚 2 元;
股价<95 元:你必须按 95 元买入,但实际成本是 93 元(95-2),比直接买便宜 7 元.
② 卖看涨期权(Short Call):给市场设 “上涨上限”

交易逻辑:你押注 “标的不会大涨”,如果涨超上限,你需要按约定价格卖出。
风险提醒:裸卖看涨期权风险极高(股价可能无限上涨,亏损无上限),新手千万别单独做。
安全用法:如果你手里有股票,可以用 “备兑开仓”(Covered Call):
比如你有 100 股现价 100 元的股票,卖出 105 元的看涨期权,收 3 元权利金。
到期时股价>105 元:你按 105 元卖出股票,实际收益是 105-100+3=8 元;
股价≤105 元:你留着股票,白赚 3 元权利金。
三、进阶玩法:组合策略 “铁鹰套利”(低风险收租神器)
策略原理:卖一个 “价格区间”,同时用更远处的期权做保护,就像给房子装了 “安全护栏”。
具体操作例子:
1.卖出中间价位的看涨期权和看跌期权(比如 100 元附近);
2.买入更贵(110 元)的看涨期权和更便宜(90 元)的看跌期权;
盈亏逻辑:
标的在 90-110 元之间:你赚中间两个期权的权利金;
标的突破 90 或 110 元:保护期权启动,亏损被限制在预设范围内。
适合场景:预计市场会横盘震荡,不会大涨大跌时使用,堪称 “震荡市印钞机”。

四、卖方交易的核心原则:要当 “时间的朋友”

你赚的不是涨跌差价,而是用规则设计赚时间价值和市场恐慌的钱。
记住:
不要盲目做空看涨期权(风险无限);
分散仓位,别押注单一标的;
波动率过高时谨慎出手(此时 “保费” 贵,但极端行情概率也高)。
最后一句话总结:期权卖方就像开保险公司,只要你算好 ,就能在市场里稳定 “收租”—— 但前提是,永远把风险控制放在第一位。

DAL stock | Call option | August 1 2025

 


Delta Air Lines Shows Unusual Call Options Ahead of Earnings - Investors are Bullish on DAL Stock

Here is the article. 


Delta Air Lines Shows Unusual Call Options Ahead of Earnings - Investors are Bullish on DAL Stock

Boeing Stock Is Rising. Air India Crash Investigators Focus on Fuel Switches.

Boeing Stock Is Rising. Air India Crash Investigators Focus on Fuel Switches.

Updated July 09, 2025, 10:11 am EDT / Original July 07, 2025, 6:33 am EDT 

A significant update could arrive soon. The Times of India reportedTuesday that a preliminary report had been submitted to officials, citing “top sources.” Details of the report weren’t available. Boeing didn’t respond to a request for comment about the report.

Vertical Research Partners analyst Rob Stallard noted in a Wednesday report that investigations focused on engine fuel switches, adding it didn’t appear to be a design issue. No fuel to the engines, for whatever reason, would cause a loss of power.



OpenAI奥特曼反击挖走4人!Meta华人科学家在列

 被一波挖走8人之后,OpenAI对扎克伯格的“反击”来了。


据《连线》杂志消息,OpenAI总裁Brockman在内部Slack当中表示,有4名新员工将加入OpenAI。

其中一人,就是来自Meta的华裔科学家Angela Fan。

除了这位Meta成员,OpenAI这波也对老对手马斯克来了一波“偷袭”——

另外三人均来自马斯克旗下公司,包括特斯拉前软件副总裁,以及xAI的基础设施主管和工程师各一人。

两名华人加入OpenAI此次被挖来的四人中有两位华人,他们将加入OpenAI的Scaling团队。

Scaling团队的职责是管理后端硬件、软件系统和数据中心,其中包括OpenAI投资的基础设施公司“星际之门”。

  Angela Fan

Angela是Meta巴黎人工智能研究院的一名研究科学家,专注于机器翻译研究。

2016年,Angela本科毕业于哈佛大学,专业是统计学,之后便加入了Meta(当时还叫Facebook),工作地点在美国加州。

2019年,她成为了Meta的工读博士生,在法国国家信息与自动化研究所南锡分部和FAIR攻读并在2021年获得博士学位,研究方向为文本生成。

Llama 2的作者名单当中,就有Angela的名字。

此外,Angela还与包括谷歌华人学者周登勇、普林斯顿陈丹琦等华人在内的六名学者组织了首届COLM会议。

David Lau

第二位华人David Lau,特斯拉前软件副总裁,2004年本科毕业于斯坦福,专业为电气工程。

不过严格来说,David加入OpenAI并不算马斯克被挖角,因为他今年5月就已经离职。

他已经是一名13年的“老特斯拉”,2012年就已入职,2017年晋升为软件副总裁。

David直接向马斯克汇报,还曾与马斯克一同出席2023年的特斯拉投资者日活动。

David领导的团队负责各种车辆系统的软件开发,包括从动力总成和高压电子设备到电池管理和数据工程等所有工作。

他在特斯拉车辆固件、用户界面和无线更新系统的开发中发挥了关键作用,被认为是塑造特斯拉车辆、服务和生产系统软件战略的核心人物。

  Uday Ruddarraju

Uday Ruddarraju,xAI基础设施工程主管,明尼苏达大学计算机硕士。

和David一样,Uday也是直接向马斯克汇报。

他的团队在4个月内完成了xAI的10万卡集群部署,该集群成功训练了Grok 3。

起初他们都认为这是一件疯狂的事,但最后团队成功完成了这项工作,让Uday对在xAI的工作感到非常自豪。

今天凌晨,Uday已经在X上官宣离职,但并未提及自己将加入OpenAI。

Michael Dalton

Michael Dalton,斯坦福计算机博士。

他曾在xAI担任基础设施工程师,和Uday一样都参与了马斯克超算Colossus的构建。

除了在xAI,Michael也在X担任过产品工程主管。

另外在加入xAI之前,Michael和Uday都曾在金融服务企业Robinhood工作。

在Robinhood期间,Michael的职位是首席架构师。

OpenAI发言人Hannah Wong表示:

我们非常高兴欢迎这些新成员加入我们的扩展团队。我们的策略是继续构建和整合世界一流的基础设施、研究和产品团队,以加速我们的使命,并将人工智能的益处惠及数亿人。

One More ThingOpenAI被小扎挖墙脚之后,有人采访了奥特曼,问他对此有何感受。

奥特曼看了眼旁边,然后摇头耸肩地说,很好,很好…

Book | Introduction | 《实现财务自由:股票交易精髓》

 Here is the book. 














the Economic Times of India

 Reports from the Economic Times of India noted that investigators are looking into a new angle: whether or not fuel control switches in the aircraft had been moved ahead of the aircraft’s crash. The move may have been accidental, or it may have been deliberate. But the reports noted that “…the position and movement of the engine fuel switches…” is of particular interest right now, based on a combination of factors. This combination includes flight data, voice recordings, and a set of simulations that Boeing itself conducted to aid the investigation.

A preliminary report is expected by Friday, the report noted, but one report from aviation safety expert John Cox said that an “accidental movement” would be rather difficult to pull off. The controls are apparently protected against most accidents, and are not sufficiently sensitive to move with mere jostling. But shutting off one of these switches would cause what the report called “…an almost immediate loss of power.” This again meshes well with earlier reports about the aircraft’s Ram Air Turbine (RAT) deploying.

SMCI | SMCZ | Here’s why you should avoid owning SMCI stock: BofA

Here’s why you should avoid owning SMCI stock: BofA

Published 2025-07-09, 07:02 a/m 

Investing.com -- Super Micro Computer (NASDAQ:SMCI) is facing mounting headwinds in the AI server space, according to Bank of America (NYSE:BAC) Securities, which resumed coverage of the stock with an Underperform rating and a $35 price objective, implying roughly 29% downside from current levels.

While revenue growth remains strong, BofA warns that “margins will remain under pressure in a more competitive AI server/rack market.”

The company’s gross margins have already dropped sharply, from 18% in fiscal 2023 (FY23) to 13.9% in FY24 to 11.3% FY25, with BofA forecasting further declines to 9.4% by FY27.

Moreover, component availability, including GPUs and liquid cooling parts, may limit future growth and negatively impact SMCI’s ability to ship its backlog, the bank cautions.

BofA also highlights increasing competition from Dell (NYSE:DELL) and Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co (NYSE:HPE), which are gaining traction with enterprise customers and large-scale AI workloads.

Dell, for instance, has become a supplier to CoreWeave and xAI, both previously associated with SMCI. Dell’s AI server backlog reached $14.4 billion as of May, and the firm expects to ship more than $15 billion in fiscal 2026.

“Dell is seeing strong revenue growth from AI servers and racks and we model Dell reaching AI server market share similar to Super Micro in 2025, and our forecast suggests that Dell can gain higher market share vs Super Micro in future years,” analysts led by Ruplu Bhattacharya noted.

Additionally, BofA believes that liquid cooling—once a competitive edge for SMCI—could be commoditized as other vendors scale their own solutions. “For large projects, vendors may need to offer this [for] free as an incentive to win,” analysts warned.

Litigation, shareholder dilution, and financial reporting issues add further risk. SMCI is working to resolve material weaknesses in its internal controls, and is under investigation by the U.S. Department of Justice and SEC following a short seller report.

On top of this, the company may need to raise capital to fund working capital, which could dilute existing shareholders.

“We think SMCI should trade at a discount to peers,” analysts said, noting their price target is based on a 13x multiple of 2026 EPS, above the stock’s long-term median. Despite a strong growth profile, the analysts characterize SMCI as a “show-me story.”

Possible upside risks that could boost the stock include unexpected market share gains from enterprise and sovereign customers, successful competition on new GPU platforms, and potential gross margin improvement from increased adoption of higher-margin services, BofA said.