August 31, 2021 | RIG stock: My $15,000 US dollars position | How to invest as a value investor? | Two year | Better to be a long term investor

RIG stock: My $15,000 US dollars position | How to invest as a value investor?

Aug. 31, 2021

Introduction

I like to solve the problem of gambling on my last 10 years full time savings around $64,000 Canadian dollars. I like to put 50% into stock market, and take risk to lose 50% in order for me to learn how business works in pandemic, GTE and RIG, and track how those business performs to work with investors. 

My RIG position | Up and down | Market swing | What is next? 

I thought about missing rebound of TEVA 20%, and then decided to invest $15,000 dollars on RIG stock at price $3.67/ share, and then it went up $600, and then went down $3000 dollars, and then recovered the loss. 

I learn how to calm myself and do nothing, and then track what is going on about market. I like to learn how market works this dramatic swing, most investors cut loss and sell RIG stocks. RIG stock price went down to $2.8/ share, and I only purchase 100 more shares in my IRA Ameritrade.com USA account at lower price $2.8/ share. 

I do not like to gamble, since I have worry about bankruptcy of RIG, if delta variant slows down everything. But if it is the case, then I should not worry about money. I should worry about more important things in my life. 

If I do not purchase 4000 shares of RIG, then I will not spend two hours to read RIG quarterly report. I chose to invest on commodity, since it is easy to calculate compared to other business. I like to start from a simple business like oil industry. 

My homework | 50+ oil stocks | My tracking tool 

I also like to track 100 oil stocks, since I know some of oil stock may have very good articles to read under Yahoo -> Finance. I spent a few hours to put together a portfolio in June 2020, and then I named it nicely today so I can lookup more often. 

Reading is No. 1 important as an equity researcher 

I like to read more articles about stocks, so that I can make some bets more often on those $15,000 US dollars. 

Comparison to GTE stock

I also hold 20,000 shares of GTE with around $4000 Canadian dollar loss. I just could not believe that small business is so risky to invest and also it is not shame to lose my capital, I should at least understand one business. 

Follow up 

Feb. 8, 2023

RIG stock price is above $7/ share, only less than 2 years after I wrote the blog. 

It is a good deal to purchase 10000 shares at lowest price as possible ($2.4/ share in Sept. 23. 2022), and then hold it until 2 years or price much higher ($7/ share)

Canadian tire store | SportRack SportRack Universal Groomer Deluxe Ski & Snowboard Rack, Silver

 SportRack

SportRack Universal Groomer Deluxe Ski & Snowboard Rack, Silver

The William R. Bennett Bridge

 The William R. Bennett Bridge is a pontoon bridge in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia, Canada. Completed on May 25, 2008, the bridge replaced the older Okanagan Lake Bridge built in 1958 to link Downtown Kelowna to West Kelowna across Okanagan Lake as part of Highway 97.

On April 21, 2005, Premier Gordon Campbell officially renamed the bridge from the Okanagan Lake Bridge to William R. Bennett Bridge in honour of former Premier William Richards Bennett, a native of Kelowna.

Construction budget[edit]

The first press release from the BC Ministry of Transportation to include budget information was in 2003. At that time, the project was estimated to cost $100 million CAD for the bridge and another $20 million CAD for the two interchange upgrades on the west side of the lake.^[1]

By June 29, 2005, the cost of the bridge was increased from the previous estimate of $100 million CAD to $144 million CAD "due to dramatic increases in the cost of construction materials and labour", which includes significant increases in the cost of concrete, steel, and fuel. Over the next 30 years, the province of British Columbia expects to pay SNC-Lavalin a total of $179 million CAD "to design, build, finance, operate, maintain and rehabilitate the bridge".^[2]

“拼车族”如何防范风险

 1、谨慎选择“拼友”。

　　一旦形成拼车关系，搭乘人的出行安全在很大程度上就要依赖于司机。搭乘人应通过了解驾驶人提交身体体检证明的情况、实际驾龄、以往交通违法处理记录等情况，综合判断驾驶员的技术水平、遵守交通法规的情况以及有无开快车、酗酒等不良驾驶习惯。

　　2、仔细检查车况。

　　车辆自身的安全性能和车况对于安全出行也极为重要。对此，搭乘人可以通过了解车辆年检验车或定期保养的情况、目测检查等多种方式得出车况结论。

　　3、查验并记录车辆已有的保险情况，未保险的最好提前投保。

　　搭车人要注意提前了解所搭车辆的保险情况，并查验保险的赔偿限额、保险期间和免赔事项等。由于交强险是第三者责任保险，其赔付范围不包括车上人员，因此机动车是否投保交强险以外的商业保险、投保商业险的险别和保险期间是搭乘人须特别关注的。为防患于未然，车主最好能提前投保车上人员责任险，搭车人最好能提前投保短期意外险，为双方的安全加上一道“保险锁”。

　　4、最好签订书面协议，明确车主和搭车人的权利义务关系，并对旅途过程中可能出现的问题做出约定。

　　尤其在有偿拼车的情况下，一定要明确对价的支付形式、数额及性质，尽量避免“营利”嫌疑，避免保险求偿受阻。

　　5、熟悉交通法规，注意收集证据。

　　司机要谨慎驾驶，避免发生意外;一旦发生事故，应迅速判断出事故的责任方和过错方，并采取拍照、录音等适当措施及时保全证据，为索赔做好充分准备。

　　拼车出行对于司机和搭乘人而言，面临的最大风险即是交通事故的伤害以及受到伤害后人身和财产损害的赔偿问题，对此，对于搭乘人的人身损害，只要搭乘人自身不存在过错，无论是有偿拼车还是无偿拼车，也无论是否签订了免责条款，司机均要在其过错范围内承担损害赔偿责任。然而，如果搭乘人明知司机存在醉酒、无驾驶执照等非法行驶行为，仍执意搭乘的，搭乘人则将面临着自行承担相应损害后果的风险。而对于发生交通事故后的车辆财产损失，只要搭乘人对于交通事故的发生没有过错，即可不必担责。

前驱、后驱、分时四驱？汽车三分修七分养，不同车龄怎么保养？

 前 轮 驱 动

优 点

增加内部空间：前驱车没有传动轴，所以在空间的利用上有更多的余地。

造价低、效率高：组件少而且集中，并且由于动力传递直接，减少了损耗，运转效率高。（高尔夫就属于这样的前驱车）

减轻重量：前驱车的机械组件少而且简单，所以能减轻不少重量。

缺 点

操控性差：由于发动机和驱动系统等主要部件都集中在车辆前部，车辆后部配重较轻，后轮很容易失去抓地力，尤其是在湿滑的路面上。

转向不足：由于前轮同时承担了转向和驱动的功能，因此先天具有转向不足的问题，高速过弯转向不足尤为明显。

前桥负荷过大，影响舒适性：因为前驱车前轮既要负责驱动又要负责转向，并且由于车辆前部配重较大，前轮的磨损更严重，加速或制动时对前桥的负担过重，抬头和点头现象更明显，影响乘坐的舒适性。

后 轮 驱 动

优 点

操控性好：后轮负责驱动，令前轮可专注于转向工作，因此转向时的车辆反应更加敏捷。

加速表现好，舒适度高：因为车辆汽车起步、加速或爬坡时重心后移，后轮作为驱动轮抓地力增强，有利于车辆起步、加速或爬坡，提供更好的行驶稳定性和舒适度。

维修简单：简化了操纵机构的布局和转向机构的结构，便于车辆的保养和维修。

缺 点

成本较高，空间利用不便：后驱车部件多、组装复杂，生产成本相对较高.

牵引力不足、转向过度：后驱车在过弯时，由于减速重心前移，后轮抓地力减小，很容易导致转向过度，即一般所说的“甩尾”。

动力损耗较大、费油：由于发动机产生的动力需要多经过传动轴这一步才能传递到驱动轮，因此对于动力的损耗必然较前驱车大，一般的使用表现是后驱车较前驱车更费油。

全 时 四 驱

优 点

全时四驱是公路过弯极限最高的传动方式，它可以实现车辆高速过弯时每个车轮分配到最佳的驱动力。因此这种技术被大量讲求操控性能的大排量轿车采用，而装配它们的主要目的就是为了提高有效驱动力和过弯极限。

缺 点

全时四驱的结构相对复杂，成本较高，占用的空间也比较大，因此不太适合在定位较低，或者体型较小的车型上装配。同时全时四驱是要消耗功率的，它的传递效率比两驱要低，对于看重经济性以及发动机动力较小的车型来说，全时四驱也不太适合装配。

分 时 四 驱

优 点

分时四驱技术很成熟，结构也比较简单，可靠性好，加上其不用装配中央差速锁，成本要比全时四驱低得多。在正常驾驶时采用两轮驱动的模式，经济性更高，灵活性也更出色。而在路况恶劣的情况下，选择四轮驱动又可以提高车子的通过性。

缺 点

分时四驱对于公路来说意义不大，并且对驾驶技术要求较高。因为分时四驱接通后相当于硬轴连接，因此采用四驱模式要非常谨慎。在公路上过弯绝对不能采用四驱模式，在砂石、雨雪、冰面上转弯也不能用四驱模式。

适 时 四 驱

优 点

适时四驱的结构比全时四驱简单得多，不仅可以有效降低成本，还有利于降低整车重量。它适合于前横置发动机前驱平台的车型配备，这使得许多基于这种平台打造的SUV或者四驱轿车有了装配四驱系统的可能。

缺 点

目前绝大多数适时四驱在前后轴传递动力时，会受制于结构本身的缺陷，无法将超过50%以上的动力传递给后轴，这使它在主动安全控制方面，没有全时四驱的调整范围那么大。

车友们都知道车子的车龄对车况影响很大，不同车龄的车子需要做的保养项目是不同的。那到底该做什么保养呢？今天，我们一起来看一下汽车的大概组成！

了解完主要构造后，大致把车分为青年车，中年车和老年车，所以不同时期保养更换的部件是不一样的哦~跟着小福妹一起来了解一下吧！

青年车（0-4年车龄）

如果爱车在使用的前2年，一般只需要进行常规保养。主要的保养工作需包括：更换机油、检查转向装置、检查更换刹车皮、更换四滤等即可！

四滤（汽油滤清器、机油、空气格和空调格）：这是最常见的周期性保养配件。（5000-1.5万km）雨刮片：保证驾驶视线清晰，保证行车安全。（1年）刹车片：建议每次小保养的时候都需要检查刹车片磨损情况。（3-4万km，2年）燃油泵：将燃油从燃油箱中吸出、加压后输送到供油管中，和燃油压力调节器配合建立一定的燃油压力。（3-4万km，2年）蓄电池：（3-4年）减振器：减振器是悬挂系统的一部分，如果减振器的弹簧不再有弹性，在高速行驶就会抖动得很厉害，下雨天特别危险。（5-6万km，3-4年）火花塞：6-8万km。（3-4年）制动液/防冻液：通常在6-7万公里。（3-4年时间内）中年车（4-7年车龄）

而4年以上的车辆，就像是“人到了中年”，会出现很多零部件开始松动，再加上车内的一些橡胶管的自然老化等问题。这时期的车子除了常规保养外，还要格外检查以下部件的保养维修哦~

冷却液储水器：五年左右的车辆，水缸可能会被里面的化学物腐蚀，因此有些车子的水缸开始漏水。

正时系统：正时系统是发动机传动的核心部件，包含了正时皮带以及相关的轮系。通常车辆在行驶了7万到10万公里的时候，就该检查或更换正时系统，如果车子行驶到半途时正时皮带突然断裂可能会导致发动机损坏，那代价可就太大了。橡胶管：这个车龄阶段内，漏黑油、漏水等问题时常出现。这是由于橡胶管的自然老化引起的。

老年车（7-10年车龄）

在我国，汽车一般到了10年就该退休了，如果保养得当大部分爱车还是能够健康如期完成使命的。这个车龄的车子一般各部位老化都很严重，尤其需要检查检查自动变速箱，电子节气门更换，三元催化器更换，常检测才能保证行车的安全~

水箱：7年，10-12万公里

检查自动变速箱，电子节气门更换，三元催化器更换：7年，10万公里离合器总成：包含了离合器压盘，离合器从动盘和分离轴承。12-15万公里需要更换。其他：例如动力系统和变速箱系统中的油封，减振系统中的曲轴带轮等部件也可视故障程度而进行更换。

Want to keep your AWD in top shape? Give it a workout

 If you want to reduce expensive repair bills, exercise your traction rights

Author of the article:

Brian Turner

Published Nov 05, 2014  •  Last updated Nov 13, 2020  •  3 minute read

With winter on its way (or having already made an early arrival in some parts) drivers of all-wheel and four-wheel-drive vehicles can be excused for being a little too smug. After all, what better way to conquer Canadian winter roads than in an all-wheel-drive truck, sport utility or crossover? But many drivers find out the hard way that the equipment on these types of vehicles can bring extra repair and maintenance costs. But there are a few things that can easily be done to reduce the risks of driveline failures and some expensive repair bills.

If you drive a truck or larger SUV with a controllable transfer case and solid front axle you need to use the four/all-wheel-drive system more often than once or twice a year to keep things operational. The driveshaft that connects the transfer case to the front axle and the front axle itself have universal joints that can seize from lack of use. On a regular basis (monthly) it’s a good idea to engage the four-wheel-drive for a 10- or 20-minute drive (on the way to or from work, etc.). This will flex those joints to help keep them moving freely. If the road conditions are dry, avoid sharp turns as this can cause drive-line binding on these solid-axle set-ups.

If you’re driving a true four-wheel drive, it most likely has a two-speed transfer case. Both the external linkage system and internal chain drive mechanism on these units can suffer from the case seldom being operated in low range. Again, on a regular basis, run the transfer case for a short distance in low range being sure to come to a complete stop before trying to engage or disengage the low range function of the system.

No matter what type of all-wheel-drive system your vehicle has, there are fluids that need to be changed from time to time. If you launch a boat with your all/four-wheel drivers and the axle(s) get submerged, you would be best advised to have the fluid changed on at least an annual basis (if not more often) using fully-synthetic gear oil. Transfer case fluid service intervals vary depending on make and model, so refer to your vehicle’s owner’s manual.

The majority of new SUVs and CUVs (compact utility vehicles) as well as all-wheel-drive crossovers use a fully automatic traction system that requires no driver input. These systems either use a viscous coupler to engage the secondary drive-axle, or an electronic control that monitors vehicle or wheel speeds to determine when to add more power to the slipping axle. It’s a little more difficult to “exercise” these systems when the roads are dry and traction is good. A moderate throttle stab from a standing start on a sandy or gravel covered road will do, but this should be done cautiously as it can kick up stones that can damage paint. If you’ve never experienced the automatic all-wheel control on your vehicle, practising on a snowy and empty parking lot or back street with no traffic will give you some great feedback that will come in handy when you are in traffic on less-than-perfect road conditions this winter.

On any type of all/four-wheel-drive system, having matching tires is crucial to the function of these traction control systems. Tires should always be replaced in sets of four to avoid having any difference in overall circumference which can lead to drive-line vibrations or difficulty engaging and disengaging the transfer case. Using tires from different manufacturers can cause problems even if they are all new and the same size.

Costco | Eddie Bauer Women's Lined Boot | Purchased on Nov. 2022

 Here is the link. 

Purchased date: Nov. 22, 2022 

1528754 EB Boot   59.99 GP 

Product Details

May be available In-Warehouse at a lower non-delivered price.
 

Features:

• Waterproof full-grain leather upper material
• 400g faux fur lining
• Elastic side goring
• Vulcanized rubber shell
• Removable EVA footbed
• Colour: brown
• Made in Vietnam
   

Fabric Content:

• Full grain cow leather upper with suede collar
• EVA midsole
• TPR midsole and outsole
   

Sizing:

• 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
• Size subject to availability 
   

Care Instructions:

• Wipe clean with damp cloth

Costco | Oct. 31, 2022 | Return

Feb. 8, 2023 

I should return the rain boots - broken

9855441  Pendleton    $32.99 

Here is the link.

Product Details

May be available In-Warehouse at a lower non-delivered price.

Features: 

• Premium rubber rain boots
• Cushioned insole
• Faux fur lining
• Waterproof
• Rubberized traction sole
• Colours: black or red
• Made in China

Fabric Content:

• 100% rubber
• Lining: 100 % polyester

Sizing:

• Women’s sizes 5,6,7,8,9,10
• Regular fit
• Size and colour subject to availability

Care Instructions:

• Hand wash with soap and water

Note: The digital images we display have the most accurate colour possible. However, due to differences in computer monitors, there may be variations in colour between the actual product and your screen. Please be advised that the primary colours are listed above.

SHOP CONFIDENTLY

We are committed to offering the best value to our members, with a risk-free 100% satisfaction guarantee on both your membership and merchandise. If you have questions about your membership or products you've purchased at Costco, please visit the membership counter at your local Costco or Contact Customer Service.

Costco.ca products can be returned to any of our more than 800 Costco warehouses worldwide.

Install WordPress on IIS

Here is the article. 

Introduction

WordPress is a blog publishing application and content management system. According to wordpress.org,WordPress is "a state-of-the-art semantic personal publishing platform with a focus on aesthetics, Web standards, and usability." The following sections describe how to install and configure WordPress for use with FastCGI on Internet Information Services 7 (IIS 7) and above. This document assumes that you have completed the setup and configuration of the FastCGI extension and PHP libraries.

The easiest way to install WordPress is by downloading it from the Windows® Web App Gallery. If you need the Microsoft® Web Platform, you can install the components with the Microsoft® Web Platform Installer (Web PI), which is also available at the Windows Web App Gallery

The following article provides guidance for installing WordPress manually. The instructions have been tested and found to work in the following configurations:

• Windows Server® 2008 operating system
• IIS 7
• PHP 5.2.9
• MySQL 5.1.34
• WordPress 2.8.5

Wordpress on IIS problem

 http://localhost/wordpress/wp-admin/install.php

WordPress database error Table 'mywordpress.wp_options' doesn't exist for query INSERT INTO `wp_options` (`option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload`) VALUES ('nonce_key', ']nH161L^cI`bL51#&>P0,JD<sY6df[Sk8&JHM9!a&KcN42EUjG*Ivt4g@,o`^qsQ', 'no') ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES(`option_name`), `option_value` = VALUES(`option_value`), `autoload` = VALUES(`autoload`) made by wp_can_install_language_pack, WP_Upgrader->fs_connect, Automatic_Upgrader_Skin->request_filesystem_credentials, WP_Upgrader_Skin->request_filesystem_credentials, request_filesystem_credentials, wp_nonce_field, wp_create_nonce, wp_hash, wp_salt, update_site_option, update_network_option, add_network_option, add_option
WordPress database error Table 'mywordpress.wp_options' doesn't exist for query INSERT INTO `wp_options` (`option_name`, `option_value`, `autoload`) VALUES ('nonce_salt', 'EIWY h9ePjJ/ a93+#%ZDvP[`$,bb*5q1|9EWb7 KQ%obrT#zP@aD<hmlf/gzo_?', 'no') ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `option_name` = VALUES(`option_name`), `option_value` = VALUES(`option_value`), `autoload` = VALUES(`autoload`) made by wp_can_install_language_pack, WP_Upgrader->fs_connect, Automatic_Upgrader_Skin->request_filesystem_credentials, WP_Upgrader_Skin->request_filesystem_credentials, request_filesystem_credentials, wp_nonce_field, wp_create_nonce, wp_hash, wp_salt, update_site_option, update_network_option, add_network_option, add_option

WordPress database installation issue | On IIS | PHP and MySQL

 The first thing you should try is to change DB_HOST to the following:

define('DB_HOST', 'localhost:3308');

If you receive the same “Error establishing a database connection” message, go back to phpMyAdmin, and in the same section you found the Server information, please post the line for User

Query WordPress Data in MySQL Workbench

Here is the article. 

Create a virtual MySQL database for WordPress data in CData Connect (or Connect Server) and work with live WordPress data in MySQL Workbench.

MySQL Workbench allows users to administer MySQL environments and gain better visibility into databases. When paired with CData Connect (on-premise or Connect Server), you get live access to WordPress data as if it were a MySQL database. This article shows how to create a virtual database for WordPress in Connect and work with live WordPress data in MySQL Workbench.

 

Passenger Vehicle - Tire and Chain Requirements

Winter road conditions across most of B.C. often include snow and ice and most B.C. highways have high mountain passes where you are likely to encounter winter weather starting in October. It is the responsibility of the operator of a vehicle to understand the conditions on roads they regularly drive and equip their vehicle for those conditions.

About Winter Tires

What is a Legal Winter Tire in B.C.?

A legal winter tire (on a standard passenger vehicle or a four-wheel/all-wheel vehicle) MUST have at least 3.5 mm of tread depth.

A winter tire must be labelled with either of the following:

• The letters "M" and "S", the minimum legal requirement (mud + snow/all season tires)
• The 3-peaked mountain/snowflake symbol (some manufacturers label with both the mountain snowflake and the M+S symbol)
  

3-peaked mountain/snowflake tires (which include all-weather tires) offer better traction on snow and ice. We recommend drivers install 3-peaked mountain/snowflake tires for cold weather driving and, for extreme conditions, carry chains.

Summer tires are not permitted for driving during designated winter months. Chains on summer tires are not an acceptable substitute for legal winter tires on signed B.C. highways.

Kia Sportage | 2WD 103.9(無天窗)的車款

 小弟最後選擇購買-Kia Sportage 2WD 103.9(無天窗)的車款。

會選擇這台的原因：

1. 安全性：ESP、6SRS基本的一定要有。還有之前提到的過彎側傾，安全帶有拉住你，這點加分很多。
2. 進口車型：不是不支持國產，但看過很多例子，我弟買新車也有碰過，組裝造成異音等等，造車組裝方面，我是很相信韓國的。
3. 開起來的感覺最對味，第二對味的是X Trail 2.5。
4. 外觀：個人覺得最帥，有點渾圓的跑格休旅。
5. 動力：柴油2.0 180p，稅金不貴，油價又便宜，馬力又大，再加上是很成熟的引擎了，妥善率有保證。
6. 保固：7年不限里程的保固，你覺得國產有哪些車廠敢這樣做保固的? 大部分都5年or 10萬里程之類的，有這樣的信心，我還不買嗎？
7. 天窗：個人不愛天窗，也怕日後會有漏水問題，加上天窗應該只有小朋友會喜歡，目前是還沒有小孩，所以完全不考慮。而且要天窗的話，要再多10萬，口袋不夠深。
8. 妥善的回饋：上市到買車大概是半年時間，雖然車友少，但真的沒聽到有什麼問題反應，而且還有車友已經做2萬保養了....真的很威。

美中不足的地方：

1. 沒有push start、keyless，這點只能洗腦自己，轉鑰匙比較有感了。(今年新車款已經加回去了，車價好像是多6萬)
2. 沒盲點：說實話這個真的還好，但新車嘛，總是希望應有盡有。
3. 前雷達：這要另外裝~就沒花錢了

一年心得(缺點)：

1. 車子隔音太好，所以輪噪超級明顯。高速公路如果開到以前是收費站的路面，尤其剛剛說的路段，會滿吵的。
   有車友說換輪胎會改善。
2. 我自己開車，覺得車子左右的視線死角真的不少，要買的人可以再多試駕幾次，習慣一下。或許也是我技術沒很好就是了。
3. 保養1萬里程前，偶爾變速箱會有一個離合點，檔位會跳，1萬後就沒發生過了。
4. 保養1萬里程前，其實滿傷錢的，畢竟要一次8瓶機油，後面就1萬一次就好。目前2萬7，考慮下一次自備機油。
5. 冷氣風口，可調角度稍小了點，有時候不想吹臉，但怎麼調好像都會吹到的感覺。
6. 後廂沒有點煙器插座，滿可惜的，原本是希望可以加裝照後的行車紀錄器，看來要從後座那邊拉了。
7. 後視鏡頭，角度太下面了，也不可調，有幫助是有幫助，但要習慣。
   鏡頭也滿常有雨水會擋住，要再下車擦，不過這情況應該大部分車款都會遇到。

 
一年心得(優點)：

1. 車子好開，坐過的都覺得舒適。我本身179，有次坐後面發現腳還可以伸出去，嚇到了，睡起來很舒服。
2. 柴油省錢又有力。我加台塑，用國泰世華的聯名卡。
3. 鈑金硬......最近剛出小事故，警察認證的硬，剛好處理的警察也想買，說我們眼光好買得好.....但維修待料真的好久~
4. 隔音不錯~所以其他的聲音聽得很明顯。
5. 老婆開覺得穩，撞到也覺得穩........
6. 皮椅坐墊很舒適，不過真的要常保養耶。
7. 妥善率超佳吧，只有一個冷氣小問題而已....真的很神。(別的牌不清楚)

Kia sportage | 2013 | Safety check | Open road hyundai Richmond | Dated Feb. 8, 2023

 Listed below are what we will be doing to ensure the car is safe and ready to drive on the road when you come pick it up.

• Transfer Case Replacement
• Front Wheel Bearings
• Rear Diff Bushing
• Battery
• Drive Belt
• 4 Tires

We are just waiting on an ETA for some parts right now but they have all been ordered already. If you have any questions please feel free to email or text me at

Follow up

Called sales rep and then asked him to send me an email. I can follow up with him easily. 

How much does it cost to replace the drive belt in a Kia

 How much does it cost to replace the drive belt in a Kia?

The real cost is in the labor, because a lot of parts need to be disassembled to get to the belt. Shopping around to get a few quotes is your best bet to get the best deal, but you can expect to pay anywhere from $409 to $919 (including parts and labor). Have a timing chain instead of a timing belt?

汽车前轮轴承多久换一次？

 一般来说，5-8万公里就要检查一下车轮轴承了。车轮轴承的好坏要考虑轴承自身的质量、车辆行驶条件、行驶里程数和负载值的大小来考虑。

汽车车轮轴承的寿命一般情况下都可以使用超过10万公里的：

1、车轮轴承一旦过度磨损，会使轴承径向间隙和轴向间隙变大；

2、在行车过程中。假如你听到持续的嗡嗡声-嗡嗡声-嗡嗡声，这个时候就应该更换轴承了；

3、假如车轮轴承坏了就不要继续开车了。轻则会影响舒适性，轮胎噪音变大，车辆跑偏，重则会造成悬架损坏，从而导致转向系统故障而引发的交通事故。

汽车车轮轴承的寿命是不固定的，假如维护好的话，可以用30万公里以上呢，假如没有好好维护的话，可能在10万公里就必须要更换了。

车轮轴承的使用寿命主要受润滑、轴承制造质量、装配、公差配合等因素的影响。轴承使用寿命：10000至192000小时不等。

1、目前小型乘用车所用的车轮轴承大都采用密封式的双排角接触轴承；

2、这类轴承中充注有润滑脂能保证轴承终身的润滑需求，靠油封将润滑脂密封在轴承内部；

3、假如出现损坏的话直接更换总成，中途基本不需要做任何保养，因此可以说这种车轮轴承是免维护的。

分动箱

 所谓分动箱，就是将发动机的动力进行分配的装置，可以将动力输出到后轴，或者同时输出到前/后轴。从这个角度可以看出，分动箱实际上是四驱车上的一个配件。随着四驱技术的发展，分动箱也一直进行着改变，并逐渐形成了风格迥异的分动箱，匹配在不同诉求的四驱车上，它们的基本原理和功能也都是各不相同的。

所谓分动箱，就是将发动机的动力进行分配的装置，可以将动力输出到后轴，或者同时输出到前/后轴。从这个角度可以看出，分动箱实际上是四驱车上的一个配件。随着四驱技术的发展，分动箱也一直进行着改变，并逐渐形成了风格迥异的分动箱，匹配在不同诉求的四驱车上，它们的基本原理和功能也都是各不相同的。

2纯机械分动箱的基本介绍

分时四驱汽车就是平时可以为两驱车，越野路况转为四驱的汽车。分时四驱分动箱是一种纯机械的装置。这种结构的分动箱在挂上4驱模式的时候，前后轴是钢性连接，可以实现前后动力50：50的分配，对于提高车辆的通过性非常有利。另外由于它的纯机械结构，可靠性很高，这对于经常在缺少救援的荒野行驶的车型是至关重要的。即使到现在，仍然有大量的硬派越野车采用这种分动箱。 在此类车型的分动箱挡把上，我们会看到2H、4H、N、和4L的切换挡位。当挂2H时，此类车型就是一台后驱车，发动机的动力经过变速箱以后，通过一根传动轴直接连接到后轴上。而分动箱的作用，就是在变速箱上，再引出一根输出端，并通过静音链条，将动力传递到前轴的输出轴。当然，这并不是直接连接的，否则就无法切换4驱和2驱了。事实上，它是通过两组齿轮实现分离和连接的，它的结构和原理类似于变速箱的一轴和二轴。切换时，扳动分动箱的挡把，通过拨叉将动力与前传动轴接通和断开。与现在主流的带同步器的变速箱不同，这个部位的切换是没有同步器的，它需要转速与轮速的完全匹配。这就是这种分动箱的基本原理。

但实际情况并不会这么简单，为了提高通过性能，这类分动箱还会有一个加力挡，也就是挡把上的4L模式。在变速箱上，有一个齿比更大的齿轮，当挂上这个齿轮时，能提供比日常驾驶高很多的主传动比。我们发现，当我们需要挂4L时，必须经过一个N挡，此时变速箱会将动力与每个传动轴分开，而挂上4L时，将接通这个齿比更大的齿轮。这个切换的过程，也是没有同步器的。

知道了这个原理，我们再来看看此类分动箱各个模式的操作特性。熟悉传统越野车的车友都知道，这种分动箱，在2H和4H之间切换时，不需要停车，一般可以在80公里/小时的时速下自由切换。而切换到2L时，则必须停车切换，否则根本挂不进去，这是为什么呢?

无论是2H模式还是4H模式，动力一直是与后轴接通的，后轮的轮速与发动机转速完全匹配。而此时只要车轮没有打滑，前轮与后轮的轮速是一样的，因此在2H与4H之间切换时，发动机转速与前输出轴的转速是匹配的，即使没有同步器，也完全可以进行切换。因此在2H模式和4H模式间切换，完全可以在行车中进行，不需要停车切换。但到了4L模式的转换时，情况就完全不同了。

从4H切换到4L模式，需要先将分动箱切换为N挡，此时发动机动力与每个车轮都断开，发动机转为怠速工况。此时如果挂4L，车轮的轮速与发动机的转速会很难匹配，相当于一台不带同步器的车行驶过程中想挂一挡，这显然是很难的。

这种分动箱前后轴之间是没有差速器的，因此在附着力高的公路上驾驶只能挂2H，4驱模式仅仅是在沙石路面以及非铺装路面为提高通过性而设计。因此采用这种分动箱的四驱车一般都是硬派越野车，它在非铺装路面路很厉害，但在公路上则表现平平。

早期的分时四驱，是完全靠手动切换的，发展到后来，出现了电动切换的分时四驱，它的基本原理与手动切换的分时四驱是一样的，只不过所有的切换是通过电机来完成罢了

超选四驱分动箱的基本介绍

这个称呼是三菱的，一直以来也被看做是三菱的看家技术。从分动箱的挡把看，它更像是传统的分时四驱系统，所不同的是，它是具备中央差速器的。当挂上4H的时候，不仅能在沙石路面上高速行驶，也能在普通公路上实现公路四驱的功能。而它提供的4HLC和4LLC选项，则是锁上了中央差速锁的四驱模式，在这个时候，它与分时四驱的4H和4L的功能是一样的。

之所以三菱称之为超选，实际上是因为它比所有的四驱系统可选择的范围都要多。一般的全时四驱车，只能选择四驱行驶，在不需要四驱的时候，这样的方式显然不经济;而适时四驱虽然可以实现两驱，但在四驱的时候无法达到真正的全时四驱的性能;分时四驱就不用说了，它完全不能实现公路四驱驾驶。而所有这些，超选四驱都能选择—想经济性好，就挂上2H，想公路全时四驱就挂上4H，想达到与传统分时四驱一样的通过性，就挂上4HLC或者4LLC。