From January 2015, she started to practice leetcode questions; she trains herself to stay focus, develops "muscle" memory when she practices those questions one by one. 2015年初, Julia开始参与做Leetcode, 开通自己第一个博客. 刷Leet code的题目, 她看了很多的代码, 每个人那学一点, 也开通Github, 发表自己的代码, 尝试写自己的一些体会. She learns from her favorite sports – tennis, 10,000 serves practice builds up good memory for a great serve. Just keep going. Hard work beats talent when talent fails to work hard.
Friday, October 31, 2025
Add 5 min alert | Smoothed Heiken Ashi long strategy indicator | top 15 stocks
Top stocks to add alerts
- NVDA
- MSFT
- AAPL
- Goog
- Meta
- AMZN
- TSLA
- IBM
- AMD
- Orcl
- BA
- NFLX
- Cost
- UNH
More added
- ALAB
- CRDO
- PLTR
- Hood
- COIN
简单生活 15:53
【本周基本面事件(Nov 3-7)】周末开始北美进入冬令时。
截止周五,64%标普500成分股已经披露业绩。
周一:制造业PMI和ISM指数、汽车销售数据。财报PLTR、
周二:美国贸易赤字、工厂订单和Sep新增岗位数。财报AMD、
周三:ADP就业报告、服务业PMI和ISM指数。财报TM、
周四:初始失业金申领人数、批发库存。财报AZN、COP、
周五:十月份非农就业报告、失业率和消费者人气指数。
标普500大公司25Q1-Q2盈利同比增长+13.3%和+
Cnagda Trading Tool
Cnagda Trading Tools - complete set of intraday trading
1. Trendline breakout based On ATR.
2. Live RSI, volume/candle average 20 Periods, trend direction last 34 periods, and some useful dashboard features.
3. Ma Scalp Line provide trend support and resistance + Where Line More Flat Previous Time You Also Use That Range As Support And Resistance
4. RSI based POC ( Point Of Control) indicate high Volume Area like fixed Range Volume profile
5. London session breakout with buy/sell Signal and NewYork session opening half hour range breakout with Buy/sell signal
Ma Scalp Buy And Sell Signal For Short term Scalping ( 5 Min Timeframe) Based on Ema And Wma Crossover
I hope these tools will improve your trading, but you should trade only after proper research, this indicator is not responsible for any loss.
2. Create New Fib calculation for catching retracement and golden ration Trade without using original fib tool on chart
3. Add Dow Jones Theory Based HH, HL, LL, LH for Fib Correct Calculation And Manually Trend Research
Some trader comments were asking me to tell about its settings or logic
So let me tell you that my aim of making this indicator was to give you maximum tools at one place so that you can easily trade and you do not need any tool to capture any price action or movement because every second of every trader is precious.
Along with this way take trades and conditions that Most Of trader see before taking any trade, I have put same conditions in this indicator so that all Traders work becomes easy before taking any trade.
Apart from this buy/sell recommendation that is coming in it is the same condition that Pro Trader before taking any trade. But I would like you to first understand with the help of the indicator and then take any trade.
Its setting is the same that Most Of Trader use and this indicator gives good trades on Scalp and intra, for that you should keep following points in mind.
1 Before taking any trade, let confirmation candle get executed and at same time see market trend MA Scalp line, if this line is above then it acts as resistance and if it is below then it acts as support
2. In this mainly POC label means that from where poc label is visible there is good volume and from here market is becoming neutral, from here reversal or continuation can happen.
3. Before taking a trade on breakout, see that there are 2 labels, partial and only breakout, partial means breakout can happen and breakout means it has happened but keep in mind liquidity sweep in this as well
4. In session breakout the signal comes only when range breakout happens but before taking a trade in this keep in mind that SL hunting is very high at this time so take any decision only after clear direction
Dashboard Explained
RSI - First section shows you the overbought and oversold zones >70 overbought and <30 oversold
Swing % - Swing is calculated from recent swings to show how much % fall or rise has taken place in low and high, this will help you capture price movement
FIB % - Fib % is calculated from recent pivot and recent to previous pivot so that you can catch entries at retracements and golden ratio.
Volume - Here how much volume is coming in the current candle as compared to 20 periods average, this will help you to take price action and volume based trades easily
1. Blue Candle - >1.5 and above volume/20 periods
2. Yellow Candle - >1 and <1.5
3. Green Candle - Bull trend direction continuation
4. Red Candle - Bear trend direction continuation
5. Grey Candle - neutral, sideways and very low volume
Trend - You can adjust this section according to how many periods of trend you want to see, the default is 34, change it according to you
Signal - Signal calculates your trend periods and ma scalp line and tells you in which direction market is currently
Elliott Wave - Classic Elliott wave theory has not been used here because most traders trade on small time frames, so if you do not hold, then I believe that Elliott Wave Classic does not give that kind of result, so I have optimized it for small time frames so that you can capture the impulsive and corrective moves of the trend.
Main Functions and Logic
(A) RSI, ADX and Trend Conditions
f_adx(len): is a function of the indicator that calculates the ADX value. It follows the logic of Directional Movement Index.
Trading signals (Buy/Sell) are generated by taking RSI (Relative Strength Index) and averages like EMA, WMA.
(B) Scalp Logic
The state is set to “BUY”, “SELL” or “NEUTRAL” based on different moving average (EMA, WMA) crossovers.
Whenever a new position is initiated (BUY/SELL), the same price is saved in an array and its average (scalp_ma) is displayed.
(C) RSI Special Logic
Entry signals are generated with the RSI crossover/crossunder event and high volume conditions.
As the condition is met, labels and states are updated accordingly.
3. Trend, Swing and Fibonacci
Comparisons are made between price low/high, last pivots, and moving averages for trend detection.
Elliott wave phase and swing high/low are automatically updated when a new pivot is formed.
Swing % and Fibonacci percentages are calculated and their status (Golden Ratio, Midpoint etc.) is also derived.
4. Trendline Breakouts (TL)
User can turn on/off trendline breakouts with input.
Custom methods (ATR, Stdev, Linreg) are used to derive trendline slope and breakout levels.
Breakout, partial breakout labels and trendlines are updated continuously.
5. London and New York Session Boxes
The code creates time based boxes for London and NY sessions, trading breakout signals are generated based on their high/low and EMA, ADX, RSI conditions.
When the box breaks and other conditions are met, “BUY/SELL” or “NY BUY/NY SELL” labels are auto plotted.
6. Alerts and Table
An alertcondition is triggered on all buy/sell breakouts so that the user gets instant notification.
A dynamic table is created showing the latest status of the indicators (RSI, Swing %, Fibonacci %, Volume, Trend, Signal, Elliott phase).
7. Labels, Cleanup and Miscellaneous
Old labels, lines are limited to keep the chart clean.
Most of things in indicator are kept automatic and dynamic for ease of live trading/analysis.
Disclosure
This script is an educational visualization. It does not place trades and is not financial or investment advice.
2. Gain Calculation For Future Projection
1. for using Trend Based Fib Extension Tool - Traders use Trend Based Fib Extension Tool to know next step by comparing last 2 swings. Keeping this in mind, I have included this tool in your indicator so that you can make Fib based Future Trend predictions easily.
2. Gann projection - Gann projections help you plan targets, potential reversal points, and dynamic support/resistances without any manual calculations. Use them to set clear levels for profit booking, stop losses, or to assess chances of major market movements!
1. How Does Fibonacci Extensions Work in This Indicator?
1. Auto-Detection of Swings and Trend:
The indicator automatically finds the last two major swing points (highs/lows) on the chart.
It checks whether the current trend is UP or DOWN based on these pivots.
2. Draws Important Fibonacci Levels:
Using those two swing points, it automatically calculates standard Fibonacci retracement levels (0.236, 0.382, 0.5, 0.618, 0.786) and Fibonacci extension levels (1.618, 2.0, 2.618).
All these important price levels are shown as colored labels on your chart.
As the trend or swings change, the indicator updates these levels live.
How Should a Trader Use This for Entry & Exit?
Entry:
If price is trending up and pulls back to a lower Fibonacci retracement (like 0.382, 0.5, or 0.618) and holds there—this could be a good buy entry.
If trend is down, watch for price to pull up to a Fibonacci retracement from above, then reject it—this could be a sell entry.
Exit/Targets:
If you enter a trade, the Fibonacci extension levels (1.618, 2.0, 2.618) become your possible target prices—great places to book profit or tighten your stop-loss.
Prices often pause or reverse near extension levels, so use them for exits or partial profit booking.
This indicator’s table also shows you “Signal” (Buy/Sell), Trend Score, Volume, Elliott Wave, and Gann levels—read these to strengthen your plan.
If the “Signal” says “Strong Buy” and price is near a retracement, that’s extra entry confidence.
If volume spikes as you approach a target, or the signal flips, you might want to exit sooner.
Example, Step by Step
Suppose the chart shows an UP trend:
Price pulls back to the 0.618 retracement and holds there.
The signal in the table is “Buy”, and volume is healthy.
You enter a long (buy) trade here.
Aim for the extension levels—1.618, 2.0. When price hits those, think about booking profit or moving your stop-loss up!
If price stalls or reverses at these extensions, that’s a strong hint to exit!
In Short:
Entry: Use retracement (pullback) levels to enter with the trend.
Target/Exit: Use extension levels for your targets.
Extra Confirmation: Watch the signal table for “Buy/Sell”, trend direction, and volume for better accuracy!
2. How does Gann Projection work in this indicator?
indicator automatically takes a Gann Base Price (usually, the latest close, or one you select).
It calculates upside and downside price targets using this formula:
Up: (√Base + n × 0.25)² (for n = 1, 2)
Down: (√Base − n × 0.25)² (for n = 1, 2)
So, for each bar, you get two up targets (so9_up1, so9_up2) and two down targets (so9_dn1, so9_dn2).
These levels are automatically updated as price moves and are shown in indicator’s status table as “Gann SO9 Proj”.
How to use Gann Projections for trading (Entry & Exit)?
Entry:
1. Consider entering Long (Buy), if price is bullish and nearing/upbreaking a Gann upside projection, especially if also confirmed by other signals (trend, volume, etc.).
2. Consider Short (Sell), if price is bearish and moving towards a Gann down projection, with confirmation.
Exit/Targets:
If you are already in a trade, use the Gann projections as your profit targets.
For long trades: plan to book profits or trail stop near so9_up1 or so9_up2.
For short trades: target so9_dn1 or so9_dn2.
If price hits a projection and shows reversal signs or a signal flips, it's a smart place to exit/lock-in gains.
Quick example
Suppose your trade is long and Gann SO9 Proj table says “↑ 215.30, 220.10”.
You can set target 1 at 215.30, target 2 at 220.10.
If price strikes these, book profit or shift your stop-loss.
If you’re short and it says “↓ 188.60, 182.25”, use those as targets for booking profits on the short side.
In Short:
Let the indicator show Gann levels.
Use them as ready-made targets for your trade, or as places to be careful (expect possible reversals there).
For best results, combine Gann targets with signals from the table (trend, volume, etc.) to make your entry/exit decisions smarter.
With the help of AI, settings have been optimized to get maximum true signal using all Indicator tools. For this, by giving live access to AI, every logic was backtested on 5 min timeframe of past 1 month. After that, settings were optimized with least false signals so that you get the right entry. Along with this, there were some shortcomings in all the tools, they were rectified and the dashboard was also improved for correct signal. if you want chat copy for better understanding please make a private message, because I don't know I can share link here or not.
Liquidity Void Detector (Zeiierman)
Liquidity Void Detector (Zeiierman) is an oscillator highlighting inefficient price displacements under low participation. It measures the most recent price move (standardized return) and amplifies it only when volume is below its own trend.
- Positive readings ⇒ strong up-move on low volume → potential Buy-Side Imbalance (void below) that often refills.
- Negative readings ⇒ strong down-move on low volume → potential Sell-Side Imbalance (void above) that often refills.
This tool provides a quantitative “void” proxy: when price travels far with unusually thin volume, the move is flagged as likely inefficient and prone to mean-reversion/mitigation.
Fractal Break Imbalance / Fair Value Gap (FVG) / Liquidity Void
May 11, 2022
Order imbalances in either direction, either excess buy or sell orders, reduce liquidity. The market will seek to fill gaps sooner or later. The script marks an imbalance / FVG after a fractal break. It also marks any other imbalance.
Default Colours:
Green - Imbalance after fractal break to the upside
Red - Imbalance after fractal break to the downside
Yellow - Other imbalances
How To Use:
Gaps can be used to determine possible entries and targets. Those familiar with liquidity raids, supply and demand, and ICT concepts may realise it's potential.
Indicator in use:
Option to change line type and colours of fractal break
3 Bar Reversal
3 Bar Reversal
This pattern is described in John Carter's "Mastering the Trade"
The 3 Bar Reversal indicator is a simple but effective price action tool designed to highlight potential short-term reversals in market direction. It monitors consecutive bar behavior and identifies turning points based on a three-bar pattern. This tool can assist traders in spotting trend exhaustion or early signs of a reversal, particularly in scalping or short-term trading strategies.
How It Works
This indicator analyzes the relationship between consecutive bar closes:
It counts how many bars have passed since the price closed higher than the previous close (barssince(close >= close[1])) — referred to as an "up streak".
It also counts how many bars have passed since the price closed lower than the previous close (barssince(close <= close[1])) — known as a "down streak".
A reversal condition is met when:
There have been exactly 3 bars in a row moving in one direction (up or down), and
The 4th bar closes in the opposite direction.
When this condition is detected, the script performs two actions:
Plots a triangle on the chart to signal the potential reversal:
A green triangle below the bar for a possible long (buy) opportunity.
A red triangle above the bar for a possible short (sell) opportunity.
Triggers an alert condition so users can set notifications for when a reversal is detected.
Interpretation
Long Signal: The market has printed 3 consecutive lower closes, followed by a higher close — suggesting bullish momentum may be emerging.
Short Signal: The market has printed 3 consecutive higher closes, followed by a lower close — indicating possible bearish momentum.
These patterns are common in market retracements and can act as confirmation signals when used with other indicators such as RSI, MACD, support/resistance, or volume analysis.
Usage Examples
Scalping: Use the reversal signal to quickly enter short-term trades after a short-term exhaustion move.
Swing Trading: Combine this with trend indicators (e.g., moving averages) to time pullbacks within larger trends.
Confirmation Tool: Use this indicator alongside candlestick patterns or support/resistance zones to validate entry or exit points.
Alert Setup: Enable alerts based on the built-in alertcondition to receive instant notifications for potential trade setups.
Limitations
The 3-bar reversal logic does not guarantee a trend change; it signals potential reversals, which may need confirmation.
Best used in conjunction with broader context such as trend direction, market structure, or other technical indicators.
Thursday, October 30, 2025
科技巨头Meta业绩爆雷,市值蒸发2000亿美元
当地时间10月30日,Meta股价开盘一度下跌13.5%,创下2024年4月以来最大跌幅。截至发稿,其股价报662.052美元,市值约为1.66万亿美元,当日市值蒸发了约2260亿美元(约合人民币16000亿元)。
Meta最新披露的财报显示,公司第三季度实现营收512.4亿美元,同比增长26%,但净利润同比暴跌83%至27.1亿美元,每股收益为1.05美元,远低于市场预期的6.68美元。
Meta盈利“断崖式” 下跌的核心原因,是美国总统特朗普推出的 “大而美法案”(One Big Beautiful Bill Act)带来的159.3亿美元一次性非现金所得税支出,该支出直接将公司有效税率从去年同期的12%推升至87%。
此外,Meta 第三季度总成本费用为307亿美元,同比上升32%,增速明显快于26%的营收增速,导致运营利润率从43%收窄至40%。
Meta在财报中表示,这笔巨额税务支出源于 “大而美法案” 实施带来的税制调整,属于一次性非现金支出,不影响公司实际现金流状况。若剔除该影响,公司三季度净利润将增至186.4亿美元,每股摊薄收益达7.25美元,不仅同比增长20%,更超过市场预期的6.69美元。
Meta创始人兼CEO马克.扎克伯格在财报电话会上强调,短期税务冲击不会改变公司长期战略,且法案将使公司在2025年剩余时间及未来数年的美国联邦现金税支付大幅减少,长期将受益于税制优化。
剥离短期税务扰动后,Meta主营业务广告业务表现尤为亮眼,三季度广告收入达500.82亿美元,同比增长26%,高于华尔街预期的485亿美元,占总营收比重超97%。Meta应用家族(含Facebook、Instagram等)日活跃用户达35.4亿人,同比增长8%,超出市场预期的35亿人。
Meta公司还强调,由于欧盟可能要求调整广告产品,或对欧洲营收造成重大负面影响。此外,美国多起青少年相关诉讼将于2026年开庭,也可能导致“重大损失”。分析认为,考虑到欧洲是Meta的重要市场,这一风险若兑现,将直接冲击增长预期。
此外,Meta旗下元宇宙业务板块Reality Labs仍未摆脱高亏损状态,该部门三季度营收4.7亿美元,较去年同期的2.7亿美元激增74%,主要受益于新款AI眼镜Meta Ray-Ban Display的热销。但营收增长未能覆盖高昂的研发与制造成本,Reality Labs当季营业亏损仍达44.32亿美元,与去年同期基本持平,自2020年底以来累计亏损已超700亿美元。Meta首席财务官苏珊.李透露,由于今年未推出新VR头显,第四季度Reality Labs营收预计将低于去年同期,AI眼镜的增长红利将被Quest头显的销售疲软抵消。
值得注意的是,Meta的支出规模也在持续攀升。公司将2025年总支出预期下限上调20亿美元,至1160亿~1180亿美元,同比增幅达22%~24%;资本支出预期也从660亿~720亿美元上调至700亿~720亿美元,单三季度资本支出已达193.7亿美元。
扎克伯格解释称,支出增长核心源于AI业务对算力的迫切需求,数据中心与云服务基础设施投入必须持续加码,“这意味着在实现盈利前,我们需要进行更大规模的投资,但长期回报值得期待”。
苏珊.李表示,2026年的资本支出增幅将显著超过2025年,主要原因包括云服务扩张、设备折旧以及AI人才薪酬成本上升,公司目前员工总数已达78450人,同比增长8%。
另据多家美国媒体22日报道,Meta计划在人工智能部门裁员约600人。这被视为公司在经历大规模扩张后,为精简架构、提升运营效率而采取的举措。
据报道,本次裁员主要针对专注于人工智能产品及基础设施的团队,并未波及新成立的TBD实验室的员工,该实验室此前高薪从OpenAI、苹果等竞争对手处招募了众多人工智能方面的顶级研究人员。
报道称,此次裁员是为了解决公司因早前为快速推进人工智能项目而大规模招聘所产生的机构臃肿问题。据悉,近几个月来,Meta一直在积极调整其人工智能策略,力求跟上竞争对手的步伐,为此投入了数十亿美元用于基础设施项目和人才招聘。裁员后,Meta的人工智能部门大约有3000名员工。受影响的员工可能会被安排至公司内部的其他岗位。
下海创业的中学老师,成为新晋中国女首富
10月30日,胡润研究院发布《2025胡润女企业家榜》,列出了今年胡润百富榜中的前50名女企业家,来自中国创新药头部企业翰森制药的钟慧娟、孙远母女以1410亿元财富首次成为中国女首富,较去年财富增长640亿元(+83%),排名较去年上升1位。
今年胡润百富榜男女首富均姓“钟”:钟睒睒以5300亿元第四次登顶中国首富,钟慧娟则成为女首富。
放弃化学老师“铁饭碗”下海创业
丈夫是恒瑞医药实控人孙飘扬
钟慧娟是江苏连云港人,1982年从江苏师范大学化学专业本科毕业后,成为连云港延安中学的一名化学老师。后来钟慧娟从教师转型创业,进军医药圈。
1995年,钟慧娟的丈夫孙飘扬和一名香港投资人组建一家新企业——江苏豪森药业,也就是翰森制药的前身。但当时孙飘扬已经是连云港制药厂厂长,抽不开身。于是,钟慧娟便辞掉老师的工作,加入豪森制药,承担起管理公司的重任。
据中华全国妇女联合会官网一篇对钟慧娟的报道显示:“创业之初公司只有10余名员工和1个产品,为了使公司尽快走上正规,钟慧娟抛下家中一切杂务,一心扑进了公司;为了节约资金,钟慧娟挤在破旧的平房里办公,挤着公交车上下班,硬是将有限的资金用于购买仪器和设备;没有工人,她招来学徒工,手把手地教;没有市场,她带领一班人南上北下,走东闯西,开拓市场。在认真开展市场调研、多方征询行业专家意见、仔细研究国家政策、潜心挖掘发展契机的基础上,钟慧娟确立了科技创新发展战略,在艰难探索和实践中,终于闯出了一条独具特色的豪森发展之路。”
1997年,公司拳头产品、抗生素药“美丰”投入市场,当年实现收入3000万元。2003年,公司成为全国医药百强企业。此后十年间,公司持续扩张,逐渐成为中国最大的抗肿瘤和精神类药物研发生产基地之一,钟慧娟也因此成为医药行业的代表性企业家。
目前,翰森制药在中国产生销售收入的创新药共七款。创新药销售收入已经成为翰森制药业绩增长的最大动力来源。
在钟慧娟带领豪森快速发展的同时,其丈夫孙飘扬管理的连云港制药厂也在改革开放的浪潮中逐步转型,成为日后的恒瑞医药。2000年,恒瑞医药在上交所主板挂牌上市,成为国内最早一批登陆资本市场的制药企业,孙飘扬成为恒瑞医药的实际控股人。
由于钟慧娟和孙飘扬的伴侣关系、恒瑞医药与江苏豪森之间的关联关系,两家公司常被媒体指为“夫妻店”“影子公司”等。为彻底摆脱两家公司的牵绊,钟慧娟着力清理豪森的股权,并通过重组,陆续引入高瓴资本等机构投资人,使江苏豪森变成了翰森制药间接全资附属公司。
2018年9月,江苏豪森药业的IPO申请书在港交所披露,其申请上市的境外主体名为翰森制药集团有限公司,通过该境外主体100%控股国内的运营实体江苏豪森集团。
2019年6月14日,钟慧娟正式带领翰森制药赴港上市。官网显示,翰森制药现已成为一家创新驱动型制药企业,重点关注抗肿瘤、抗感染、中枢神经系统、代谢及自身免疫等重大疾病治疗领域。
钟慧娟财富大涨离不开创新药行业的爆发。
今年初,翰森制药市值约900多亿港元,此后不少创新药企迎来估值修复,股价翻倍上涨。如今,翰森制药最新市值超2000亿港元,公司股价年内累计涨幅超100%。
值得注意的是,作为中国制药领域的“医药女神”,钟慧娟虽然拥有普通人无法企及的财富,但她始终保持着低调的风格,鲜少接受媒体的采访。
值得注意的是,现任翰森制药董事长、首席执行官兼执行董事的钟慧娟,2024年年薪高达1192.5万元,2023年年薪高达1480.7万元。女儿孙远2024年年薪高达1904.4万元,2023年年薪为1663.1万元。相比之下,孙飘扬“年俸”不及妻女,恒瑞医药财报显示,2024年,孙飘扬年薪仅165.3万元,2023年年薪为162.25万元。
除了医药领域的钟慧娟外,《2025胡润女企业家榜》显示,得益于短视频热度与全球智能设备需求释放,消费电子领域成为女企业家财富增长的核心动力。55岁的蓝思科技周群飞财富增长470亿元,以1100亿元位列第二;58岁的立讯精密王来春与60岁的领益智造曾芳勤财富分别上涨235亿元、315亿元,分别以855亿元、695亿元位列第四和第六。
娃哈哈宗馥莉以875亿元排名第三,较去年下降两位。
新上榜者中,71岁的同花顺叶琼玖以305亿元位列榜单第22位。此外还有电子材料与塑化材料领域宏仁的王思涵(245亿元)、医美及药械领域锦波生物的杨霞(230亿元)等新面孔亮相。
Wednesday, October 29, 2025
特习时隔6年再见面 风格切换:“学生”变“老师”
美国总统特朗普(Donald Trump)与中国国家主席习近平将于10月30日在韩国会面,这是在亚太经合组织(APEC)峰会期间举行的双边会谈。这将是特朗普第二任期以来两位领导人的首次面对面会晤,距离上一次面谈已过去六年。
不利消息是,此次会晤面临“双时限”的压力和动荡中的贸易关係——两国在今年5月达成的脆弱贸易休战协议即将在11月10日到期;10月初中国大幅扩大了稀土出口管制,特朗普则威胁从11月1日起对中国商品徵收额外100%的关税。
有利消息是,10月26至27日在马来西亚吉隆坡举行的第五轮美中面对面谈判传出积极信号——美国财政部长斯科特·贝森特(Scott Bessent)和贸易代表杰米森·格里尔(Jamieson Greer)与中国副总理何立峰及首席贸易谈判代表李成钢达成了“框架协议”,为领导人会谈创造条件。
在韩国,双方的筹码与诉求将摆在两位领导人中间的谈判桌上:稀土、芯片、大豆、芬太尼、TikTok,甚至台湾议题,都可能“握手”或“破裂”;这也凸显出这场峰会与众不同之处,它既非“破冰”,也非最终“拍板”,大量核心议题与执行机制仍存在显著分歧,亟需两边领导人的最终决策。
此外,自李成钢今年4月担任首席贸易谈判代表以来,展现出一系列谈判风格的变化,其中甚至能看到特朗普的影子,这种风格切换是否会有效果?BBC中文梳理上述看点,帮助读者观察这场时隔六年的“习特会”。
筹码与诉求
特朗普与习近平在韩国会晤前,双方在多个领域讨价还价,时不时突然提高价码。经过数月的多轮交手,中美各自手握什么筹码、有何诉求?
中国手中最大的筹码是稀土。中国在10月初大幅扩大稀土出口管制,新增钬、铒、铥、铕、镱等五种稀土元素,并对国防和半导体用途实施更严格许可审查。中国佔据全球超过90%稀土和稀土磁铁的生产,对这些材料的控制给美国施加了显著压力。而中国也意识到这一点,在这一轮贸易谈判中,更有意识地将稀土“武器化”,来增加筹码。
其次是对美国农产品的购买力。中国在2023年和2024年佔美国大豆出口的一半以上,2024年价值达128亿美元。美国财政部长贝森特近期表示,“我本身就是大豆农民,所以我也感受到这种痛苦。”贝森特还透露,会谈后双方将有利好豆农的消息传出。
美国最大的筹码则是对中国的科技禁运,尤其是芯片。自2022年10月以来,美国限制先进半导体、芯片制造设备和计算机辅助设计工具对华出口,显著减缓了中国芯片制造能力的发展。而且,美国手中还有全球最大消费市场的准入问题——关税,特朗普威胁对中国商品加徵额外100%关税。此外,近期浮现的议题还包括港口停靠费,中国首席贸易谈判代表李成刚曾在8月威胁称,如果美国推进对中国船隻徵收高额停靠费,将造成“全球混乱”。
美国的诉求包括:推动TikTok美国化或算法租赁,加强芬太尼前体化学品的管控,要求中国推迟实施稀土出口管制,以及大量购买美国农产品。中国的诉求则包括:取消或放宽美国对华科技管制和芯片出口限制,降低关税,以及为中国企业提供公平竞争环境。
而至于中国手中最有力的筹码——稀土,彭博社称,习近平仍持续完善将中国在稀土磁铁生产领域的主导地位武器化的战略,而且它永远不会放这一对付特朗普的新筹码。因此,除非有比较大的对等让步,比如芯片禁运的放鬆,否则中国不太可能在稀土问题上大幅让步。
美国手中还有一个非常重要的筹码——台湾。习近平除了贸易议题外还有更长远目标:说服特朗普削弱对台湾的支持。如果特朗普明确表态美国“反对”台湾独立,这将是北京的重大胜利。
美国巴克内尔大学(Bucknell University)国际关係教授朱志群此前对BBC表示,台湾议题有可能在接下来的中美贸易谈判中成为筹码。“中方希望特朗普能公开表态反对台独,甚至支持两岸和平统一。 儘管这有难度,但不是不可能,结果可能取决于双方谈判中的利益交换。 ”
不过,美国国务卿卢比奥在10月25日明确表态,美国不会为了与中国达成贸易协议而改变对台湾的政策。卢比奥对记者表示:“如果人们担心我们会为了在贸易上获得优惠待遇而放弃台湾——没有人在考虑这个”。
野村证券首席中国经济学家陆挺分析:“我们认为双方在试探彼此底线后,可能会再次做出让步”,预计近期声称将加徵的100%关税“肯定不会实施”,双方可能延长当前“关税休战”,作为交换,北京可能恢复购买美国大豆并放鬆稀土出口管制的执行。美国金融教育投资网站“投资百科”(Investopedia)评估认为,即将到来的协议预计标志著贸易敌意降温,但涉及制造业失衡和芯片禁令的根本性问题仍难解决。
两国领导人峰会通常扮演两种角色:“破冰”或“拍板”。当双方关係恶化到较低层级官员无法自作主张改变局面时,往往需要两国领导人坐下来说几句缓和关係的话,设置议题框架,为后续谈判铺路。这类会晤一般是通过电话或借助国际会议间隙安排。比如,今年美中贸易谈判刚谈第一场就陷入僵局,直到6月两国领导人通话才重新确立基础。
另一种是拍板式峰会——双方就某个议题已谈了很久,接近达成协议,但还有最后问题需要最高领导人定夺,甚至已完全谈好只需领导人出席仪式签字。这类会晤通常以国事访问形式进行,鸣礼炮、检阅仪仗队、举行晚宴,规格最高。
这次特朗普和习近平会晤具有高度不寻常的特徵,既不符合传统“破冰”模式,也不是简单“拍板”仪式。自2025年5月以来,美中已举行五轮高级别面对面谈判,分别在日内瓦、伦敦、斯德哥尔摩、马德里和吉隆坡进行。双方保持了持续对话渠道,特朗普和习近平今年至少通话三次。战略与国际研究中心(CSIS)的一篇评论认为,今年前几个月美中关係在特朗普政府徵收高关税后相当紧张,但一系列会议似乎带来了“脆弱的平静”。
虽然贝森特和格里尔在马来西亚谈判后宣佈达成“框架协议”,但这远非细节完备、只需领导人签字的最终协议。对此,咨询公司“帕克策略”(Park Strategies)专注亚洲业务的高级副总裁肖恩·金(Sean King)表示:“贝森特的评论……表明习近平和特朗普领导人週四在韩国不会有正式的美中贸易协议宣佈。相反,双方似乎只是提出了另一个框架,使他们能够继续对话。”
“我认为这是一个令人不安的休战,”前美国驻华大使伯恩斯(Nicholas Burns)表示……“不幸的是,我们两国可能会在一段时间内继续在贸易问题上发生冲突。这不仅仅是特朗普的错;几十年来,中国一直是全球贸易格局中的不稳定力量。”
这次会面的真正特殊性在于:双方需要两国领导人对大量仍属悬而未决的重大问题进行密集拍板。全球咨询公司亚洲集团(Asia Group)中国主管林汉昇表示:“这次领导人会晤风险高、回报也高。双方可能试图重置因近期相互限制而动摇的关係,但同时会避免做出任何抢眼的重大让步。”
风格切换:“学生”变“老师”
这次峰会与六年前相比,一个显著变化是中国谈判风格的变化。
布鲁金斯学会高级研究员何瑞恩(Ryan Hass)表示,中国在过去五年系统强化了抵御美国贸易和战略压力的能力,逐步从“学生”转为“老师”——由被动防御,转向主动设定议程。何瑞恩认为,自新冠疫情与贸易战后,北京越来越强调“自力更生”,通过推进“双循环战略”、强化国内创新和市场韧性,以及减少对美关键技术依赖,渐次掌握定义谈判节奏的主动权。
何瑞恩分析指出,美中摩擦反而加快了中共领导层对“技术自主”与“对美依赖风险”的清醒认知,使习近平政府更善于利用稀土等供应链关键环节做为对美威慑工具——例如最近对稀土等资源的出口限制。
比如在已经确定在韩国举行中美峰会的前提下,突然扩大稀土出口管制,激起美方不满。华尔街机构“亚德尼研究公司”(Yardeni Research)曾点评,北京此轮对稀土出口的激烈控制“或许做得太过头了”,《华盛顿邮报》甚至称之为“稀土勒索”。
最近的发言中,美国财长贝森特公开批评李成刚“相当失控和非常激进”“非常不尊重”。特别是8月底不请自来华盛顿,要求高级别会谈,重申中国立场,并“对美国人说教”,此举激怒了特朗普政府的官员。
这番言论后的几天,中国官方宣佈免去李成钢WTO常驻代表职务,时间上的巧合引发外界的关注和猜测:是否因为美方的批评而撤掉李成钢?
但实际情况恰好相反,李成钢仍然保留著商务部副部长和国际贸易代表(具有正部级地位)的职务,这比WTO大使更为显要,五天后,李成钢出现在马来西亚,坐在刚刚批评过他的贝森特的对面。会谈后,李成钢表示,“美方表达立场是强硬的,中方维护利益是坚定的”在中文社交媒体上流传甚广,与此同时,李成钢的曝光度明显增强,其中不少他用英文接受採访的片段被广泛传播。
外界甚至不难从李成钢的风格中找到特朗普的影子——比如关键节点前,突然大幅提高价码,善于措辞威慑并把谈判推向压力顶点后突袭达成框架协议,从而在最后时刻锁定战略对价。
粮食券停发波及全美零售商 沃尔玛、Costco等被殃及
周三,联邦政府关门进入第29天,近4200万美国人距离失去每月的粮食券(food stamp)发放,仅剩2天时间。而这将给无数美国家庭造成严重打击;此外,从小型杂货店、到大型连锁超市的零售商也会因此受到连累,被迫出现员工工时减少、易腐食品损失、销售下滑、甚至盗窃行为增加等情况。而在这其中,沃尔玛所受冲击预计最大。
川普政府已表示,如果到11月1日联邦政府仍未重开,补充营养援助计划(SNAP)的资金也就是俗称的粮食券,就将无法发放。而国会僵局目前并无进展,在最后期限前解决问题的希望几乎为零。
在“粮食券停发”给无数低收入家庭造成严重打击的同时,美国经济也受到连锁冲击,从小型杂货店、到沃尔玛等大型连锁超市的零售商,都受到负面影响。
Wolfe Research分析师哈努斯(Spencer Hanus)本周在一份投资者报告中写道,这将对零售结构产生“即时影响”,消费者将更倾向于购买低利润率的食品和生活必需品,并且随着食物预算耗尽,盗窃行为可能会增加。
根据政府数据,2024财年SNAP受益人平均每月获得约187美元。其中,73%的家庭生活在贫困线以下(以一个四口之家为例,贫困线为年收入3.22万美元或以下)。
市场研究公司Numerator的数据显示,使用粮食券购物的消费者比其他顾客消费得更多,购物也更频繁。
平均而言,一名SNAP受益人每月在食品杂货上的花费为832美元,比普通消费者高出约20%。但他们每次购物的金额较低,平均为20.80美元,比普通顾客低约12%。此外,SNAP顾客每月平均会光顾6.6家零售商,而普通人平均为6.1家。
另一方面,从杂货零售商的角度来看,粮食券停发对其也造成负面影响。全国杂货商协会(National Grocers Association)在一份声明中表示:“通常,杂货商的人力安排和库存计划是围绕SNAP福利发放周期来进行的。如果资金中断,可能会导致这些零售商的员工工时减少、易腐食品损失、以及销售下滑。此外,当福利恢复发放后,需求的突然激增又可能给全国的供应链带来压力。”
不过,就SNAP受益者的年度杂货支出总额而言,他们在沃尔玛的花费额最多,其次是在Kroger和Costco。
作为全美最大的零售商和最大的食品杂货商,根据Numerator的数据,沃尔玛吸引的SNAP杂货支出远高于其竞争对手。在过去一年,有超过94%的SNAP顾客曾在沃尔玛购买食品,人均年消费额为2653美元,占其全年杂货支出的26%。
而在Kroger,过去一年有约48.8%的SNAP受益人前往购物,平均年消费1687.67美元,占其年度总支出的8.6%。
虽需会员资格才能购物,但Costco在“SNAP用户年平均支出排名”中位列第三,人均1482.98美元。山姆会员店(Sam’s Club)则排名第四,且为持粮食券的新会员还提供折扣会员价。
CNBC报道,总体而言,截至2025年9月,在全美的杂货购物中,使用政府SNAP或妇女、婴儿及儿童营养补助计划(WIC)来进行支付的比例为3.6%,低于2024年的3.9%。该比例在2021年疫情高峰期曾达6.5%,随后回落。但在疫情前的2019年2月至2020年2月之间,这一比例仅为2.2%-2.8%。






