Multiple Computers:
More than one physical computer, each consisting of CPUs, local
memory, and possibly stable storage, and I/O paths to connect it with
the environment.
Interconnections:
Mechanisms for communicating with other nodes via a network.
Shared State:
If a subset of nodes cooperate to provide a service, a shared state is
maintained by these nodes. The shared state is distributed or replicated
among the participants.
Why distribute?
- Resource sharing
- Device sharing
- Flexibility to spread load
- Incremental growth
- Cost/performance
- Reliability/Availability
- Inherent distribution
- Security?
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